Relying on the land bridge, the China-Europe freight train was born on the land. With the joint efforts of the countries along the route, it has formed a resilient international logistics supply chain, opened a new chapter in the development of Asia-Europe cooperation, and has become an international logistics brand with strong radiation, driving force and influence. Up to now, China-Europe freight trains have operated a total of 54,000 trains, transporting 4.67 million TEUs of goods, reaching 185 cities in 23 European countries, and the logistics service network covering the entire Eurasian continent, becoming an international public logistics product widely recognized by countries along the route.
1. Remarkable achievements have been made in the development of China-Europe freight trains
(1) The number of open banks has grown steadily. Since its inception, the China-Europe freight train has developed rapidly, and the number of trains has continued to reach a new level, from 80 trains in 2013 to 15,183 trains in 2021, with an average annual growth rate of 106%. Among them, from 2014 to 2016, 308, 815 and 1,702 trains were opened, which increased by 285%, 165% and 109% respectively year-on-year, and doubled for three consecutive years. After the unification of the brand in 2016, China-Europe freight trains ushered in a new stage of standardized development. In 2017, 3,673 trains were opened, more than the total number of the previous four years. From 2018 to 2021, 6,363, 8,225, 12,406, and 15,183 lines will be opened, increasing by 73.24%, 29.26%, 50.8%, and 22%, respectively.
(2) The categories of goods are constantly enriched. With the rapid development of new service formats such as cross-border e-commerce special trains, postal trains, and "China-Europe freight trains + trade" and "China-Europe freight trains + supermarkets", China-Europe trains continue to expand and upgrade the types of goods transported by China-Europe trains. The categories of goods shipped from China to Europe have grown from the initial IT products such as mobile phones and computers to 53 categories and more than 50,000 commodities including automobiles, machinery , equipment, furniture, building materials, clothing, shoes , hats, and electronic products. The categories of goods shipped from Europe to China have gradually expanded from the early wood, automobiles and spare parts to mechanical and electrical products, food, medical equipment, mechanical equipment, alcohol, etc., achieving diversified development. According to statistics, the total value of goods transported by China-Europe trains exceeds 200 billion US dollars.
(3) Continuous improvement of quality and efficiency. China-Europe Railway Express has greatly reduced the logistics cost of China-Europe trains by organizing consolidated transportation and formulating a price mechanism in line with international standards. In terms of running time, the China-Europe freight train is one third faster than the traditional international intermodal transport, the maximum operating speed of the domestic section can reach 1300 km/day, and the overseas section can reach more than 1000 km/day. In terms of transportation price, the railways of all countries along the route have given preferential tariff policies to China-Europe freight trains. In terms of loading conditions, the comprehensive heavy container rate of the China-Europe freight train has reached over 98%, of which the heavy container rate of the westbound China-Europe freight train (China-Europe) has basically reached 100%. In terms of the ratio of back and forth, the ratio of eastbound (Europe-China) and westbound China-Europe trains has reached 0.8:1, and the number of trains between key hubs has basically achieved a two-way balance.
(4) The anti-epidemic cooperation has achieved outstanding results. After the outbreak of COVID-19, the China-Europe freight trains have played an important role in helping China and Europe jointly fight the epidemic. Xi'an, Chongqing, Chengdu, Zhengzhou, Yiwu, Suzhou, Shenyang, Wuhan, Qingdao, Xiamen, Lianyungang and other places have launched "special trains for epidemic prevention materials" for China-Europe freight trains. 108,000 tons, which has been widely praised by countries and the international community for the joint construction of the "Belt and Road". In the face of the severe impact of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the China Railway Express bucked the trend and made every effort to maintain a safe and stable operation, which effectively guaranteed the smooth transportation of production and living materials, and provided important support for the resumption of work and production in countries along the route.
(5) The ability to resist risks has been significantly enhanced. After the Ukrainian crisis broke out, China-Europe freight trains maintained safe and stable operation on the whole, showing strong development resilience despite the obstruction of sea, air and road transportation in the Eurasian continent. In the first quarter of 2022, China-Europe freight trains will operate 3,630 trains and transport 350,000 TEUs, an increase of 7% and 9% year-on-year respectively, and a comprehensive heavy container rate of 97.7%. Especially since April, China-Europe freight trains have been smooth and stable, with 1,170 trains operating in the whole month, an increase of 36 trains compared with March, a month-on-month increase of 3%. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, China-Europe freight trains have operated more than 1,000 trains in a single month for 24 consecutive months, effectively ensuring the stability of the international industrial chain and supply chain.
2. The development of China-Europe freight trains has produced huge spillover effects
(1) It has become a bridge for mutual benefit and win-win among countries along the route. The China-Europe train runs across Asia and Europe, connects the east and the west, promotes hard connectivity, drives soft connectivity, and connects production and consumption. In terms of facility connectivity, the China-Europe freight train has smoothed the transportation connection between the Eurasian continent and improved the infrastructure network along the line. Several nearly abandoned freight stations in Europe have been renovated and upgraded, and the logistics market that has been silent for many years has also seen new prosperity. In terms of unimpeded trade, China-Europe freight trains have opened up new trade routes and expanded new market space. The proportion of the value of goods transported in China-EU goods trade has increased year by year, and it has increased to 9% in 2021. In terms of people-to-people bonds, driven by the China Railway Express, many overseas node cities have established sister-city relationships with major domestic cities, and social, cultural and other multi-level exchanges have rapidly expanded and deepened. Since the outbreak of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the China-Europe freight train has become a "life channel" for international anti-epidemic cooperation, tightening the "bond of destiny" of countries and regions along the route. In addition, the China-Europe Railway Express has also effectively promoted policy communication and financial integration among countries along the route.
(2) Created a new chapter in Asia-Europe land transport. Relying on the land bridge, the China-Europe freight train has built an all-weather, large-volume, green and low-carbon new channel, which is a major innovation in the international transportation service system. China Railway Express has obvious comparative advantages. Compared with sea and air transportation, the transportation price of China-Europe freight trains is 1/5 of that of air, and the operating time is 1/4 of that of sea transportation. It is less affected by the natural environment and has high stability. product with strong appeal. At the same time, China Railway Express is also one of the greenest modes of transportation. Its average carbon emission is 1/15 of that of air transportation and 1/7 of that means of road transportation. The China-Europe Railway Express has injected new vitality into the reform of the international transportation system. The rapid growth of CR Railway has accelerated the development of multimodal transport such as sea-rail, highway-rail, and air-rail, and accelerated the formation of a comprehensive transportation network supported by railways. New customs clearance modes such as "Tietong" have been widely recognized internationally; accelerated adjustment of transportation rules has been promoted, the International Railway Cooperation Organization has lifted the restrictions on railway transportation of postal items, and the "one order system" of railway consignment bills has been rapidly applied and developed.
(3) It has driven the rapid economic development of the corridors along the route. Based on the domestic and international services, the China Railway Express has promoted the prosperity and growth of the port economy and the hub economy, and has become a "pioneering force" to promote the opening of inland cities and a "first mover" to lead the coordinated development of internal and external. From a domestic perspective, China-EU line trains have expanded new space for the opening up of inland cities. Many enterprises seized the development opportunity of the China-Europe Railway Express and resolutely transferred investment to the central and western regions, which effectively improved the industrial support capacity of the inland regions, and drove the gradient transfer of the electronic information industry of 100 billion from east to west. Zhengzhou, Chongqing and other cities The export-oriented economy has also achieved significant growth after the opening of the China-Europe freight train. From an international perspective, the China Railway Express has accelerated the cross-border circulation of factor resources. The normal operation of China-Europe trains has improved the global resource allocation capability of enterprises, played an important role in optimizing the layout of the industrial chain and supply chain, reduced the cost of enterprises, and improved the international competitiveness of products.
3. Let the China Railway Express better benefit the people of all countries along the route
The fundamental reason why the "circle of friends" of China Railway Express has become wider and wider is that all participants have always adhered to the spirit of the Silk Road, and the principle of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits has been applied throughout the entire development process of China Railway Express, which has been transformed into ideological awareness, Act consciously, and promote extensive discussions on in-depth cooperation, joint construction of facilities projects, and shared development results. In the next step, we will focus on the theme of high-quality development, focus on the main line of "consolidation, stability and improvement", and make every effort to promote the safe and stable operation of China-Europe freight trains, so that China-Europe freight trains can better benefit the people of all countries along the route.
(1) Efforts should be made to strengthen the facility support capability of China-Europe freight trains. Deeply implement the "1+N+X" policy system of China Railway Express. Focusing on bottleneck sections and congested ports, actively promote the upgrading and reconstruction of the bottleneck sections of the west, middle and east corridors of the China-Europe Railway Express, vigorously expand new operating corridors with Central and Eastern Europe, Central Asia, West Asia, Southeast Asia and other countries, and accelerate the promotion Alashankou, Erenhot, Manzhouli and other key port stations have been expanded and renovated. Vigorously promote the construction of the demonstration project of the China-Europe freight train assembly center, accelerate the improvement of the comprehensive service capacity of hub nodes, promote the intensive and efficient development of infrastructure, enhance the role of radiation and drive, and promote the transformation of China-Europe freight trains from "point-to-point" to "hub-to-hub".
(2) Focus on improving the quality and efficiency of China-Europe trains. Continue to optimize the transportation organization, vigorously expand the supply of return goods, and promote the intensive and efficient use of transportation resources. Effectively strengthen brand management, brand building and enrich brand connotation from the aspects of operation efficiency, service quality, innovation ability, brand culture, etc., and further enhance the popularity and influence of China Railway Express. Continuously optimize the customs clearance process and shorten the customs clearance time. Adhere to quality first and efficiency first, speed up the improvement of the quality-oriented assessment and evaluation system, give full play to the role of the "baton", and give more transportation resources to enterprises and routes with good operating quality.
(3) Efforts should be made to enhance the sustainable development momentum of China-Europe freight trains. Accelerate the construction of China-Europe train information platform and smart port, and strive to create "digital trains" and "smart trains". Innovate service models, improve multi-modal transport services, promote the joint development of China-Europe freight trains, Silk Road shipping, and the new western land-sea corridor, and create "high-quality freight trains" and "customized freight trains". Fully tap the rich cultural and historical resources of countries and regions along the route, and explore the opening of "humanistic trains" and "tourist trains" when conditions are ripe. Actively explore "transportation and trade integration" and directly cooperate with manufacturers and traders in countries along the "Belt and Road" to further enhance added value and profitability.
(4) Efforts should be made to improve the international cooperation network of China-Europe freight trains. Steadily promote inter-governmental cooperation among countries along the route, quickly connect with countries with strong willingness to jointly build with China, and expand the international cooperation network of China-Europe freight trains. Continue to make good use of the international cooperation platform of the China-Europe Railway Express Transportation Joint Working Group, strengthen communication and coordination in transportation organization, freight rate coordination, route expansion, etc., and maintain, build and operate the unified brand of China-Europe Railway Express. Combined with important time points, coordinate and strengthen the publicity of the China-Europe Railway Express, and tell the story of the China-Europe Railway Express.
(5) Efforts shall be made to strengthen the risk prevention and control of the operation of China-Europe trains. Coordinate epidemic prevention and control and the opening of China-Europe trains to further improve emergency response capabilities. Improve the safety risk assessment and monitoring and early warning mechanism, communicate closely with relevant departments of countries along the route, and release the safety early warning information on the operation of China-Europe trains in a timely manner. Make good use of the national law enforcement and security cooperation consultation mechanism along the China-Europe freight train, strengthen the construction of safe transportation technology system, guide enterprises to improve the "three-in-one" security measures of civil air defense, material defense, and technical defense, and provide a strong guarantee for the safe and stable operation of the China-Europe freight train.
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